Globalization is integration among the people, government and companies of different countries rothenberg, 2003. Globalization is not a single concept that can be defined and encompassed within a set time frame, nor is it a process that can be defined clearly with a beginning and an end. The global economy and distribution of wealth affect, for example. Martin albrow and elizabeth king, sociologists, define globalization as all those processes by which the peoples of the world are incorporated into a single world. Timespace and homogeneityheterogeneity sociologist roland robertson suggests replacing the concept of globalization with the concept of glocalization. Globalization definition and meaning collins english. If globalization is a river, we must build dams to generate power 77. Yet largescale global processes of economic restructuring and international political power have a big impact on our individual lives. Definitions and perspectives composed by eric beerkens, 2006.
Globalization is a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, and governments of different nations, a process driven by international trade and investment and aided by. Rapid growth and poverty reduction in china, india, and other countries that were poor 20 years ago, has been a positive aspect of globalization. However, this definition is extremely broad, and the number of connotations and views on globalization is nearly endless. Globalization may appear a macro phenomenon and distant, not the same as micro issues that have more of an impact on daily life. Roland robertsons concept of glocalization definition. Understanding the basics of political globalization. Globalization can be defined as the intensification of worldwide social relations which link distant localities in such a way that local happenings are shaped by events occuring many miles away and vice versa. To make globalization work for all, international institutions must, in a transparent way, be more responsive to the poor, to the environment and to broader political and social concerns. An expost measurable and objective definition of globalization has been used, namely increasing trade openness and fdi. Globalization the growing integration of economies and societies around the world has been one of the most hotlydebated topics in international economics over the past few years. Globalization or globalisation is the process of interaction and integration among people. One frequently cited definition of human rights posits four necessary requirements. Definitions of globalization a comprehensive overview.
The first half of this introduction will look at the sociology of globalization and themes of the book. Globalization can be defined as the intensification of worldwide social relations which link distant localities in such a way that local happenings are shaped by. Globalism versus globalization michigan state university. Technology has now created the possibility and even the likelihood of a global culture. Globalization is an elimination of barriers to trade, communication, and cultural exchange. In both academic and popular discourses globalization has become one of the catchwords of the 1990s. Globalization is a vast process taking place at a global scale.
Hence, globalization can be conceived as a myth, a rhetorical device, a phenomenon, an ideology, a reality, an orthodoxy, a rationality. The four dimensions of globalisation according to anthony. While goods, firms and money are largely free to crisscross borders, people are not. Dictionary grammar blog school scrabble thesaurus translator quiz more resources more from collins. It is, rather, a course in determining the effects of globalization on human society. In the aforementioned definition, we notice, among others, the aspects of multilingualism and digital global information flow. Unlike earlier episodes of globalization that were characterized by massive crossborder movements of people, the current process largely excludesthis. This means that goods and services, capital, and labour are traded on a worldwide basis, and information and the results of research flow readily between countries. Globalization is the spread of products, technology, information, and jobs across national borders and cultures. Globalization as a link between the past and the future xxix. An entry in the stanford encyclopedia of philosophy 2006 gives a good, but extended, definition of globalization and its various interpretations.
Glocalization is a combination of the words globalization and localization, used to describe a product or service that is developed and distributed globally, but is also adjusted to. Globalization implies the opening of local and nationalistic perspectives to a broader outlook of an interconnected and interdependent world with free transfer of capital, goods, and services across national frontiers. Globalization can be thought of to be the result of the opening up of the global economy and the concomitant increase in trade between nations. In economic terms, it describes an interdependence of nations around the globe fostered through free trade.
In using glocalization rather than globalization robertson wishes to blur the boundaries between the local and the global. Former views in sociology saw globalization as a contrast between the local and the global. The second half will discuss the concept of globalization. Furthermore, it cannot be expounded upon with certainty and be applicable to all people and. Globalization is the free movement of goods, services and people across the world in a seamless and integrated manner. The history of globalization in this essay thus refers to the many steps leading to the current stage. The theory behind globalization is that worldwide openness will promote the inherent wealth of all nations. The main centres of power in the world economy are capitalist states states in which capitalist economic enterprise is the chief form of. Although some scholars have proposed terms such as proto globalization or archaic globalization to describe these earlier stages, such. Globalization definition of globalization by merriamwebster. In this excerpt from globalization and its discontents, joseph stiglitz argues that globalization has worsened the conditions of millions of people. It refers to the intensification of global interconnectedness, suggesting a world full.
Globalization and its impacts on the world economic. Globalization refers to all those processes by which the peoples of the world. While most americans only began paying attention to globalization with the north american free trade agreement nafta debates in 1993. Globalization is the spread of products, investment, and technology across national borders and cultures. First, it must be possessed by all human beings, as well as only by human beings. The bretton woods system, created after the second world war, rested on closed capital accounts and fixed exchange rates. Another distinctive feature of the current process of globalization relates to what is conspicuously absent. Steger department of politics and government, illinois state university, normal, il 617904600, usa abstract taking issue with michael freedens sceptical assessment that it is far too early to pronounce on globalisms status as an ideology, this article seeks.
Rapid integration of financial markets is the most dramatic element of globalization over the past two decades. By joseph nye, april 15, 2002 rethinking globalization. Whatever the negatives of the present model of globalization, it was recog. Here you will learn the definition of globalization, examine its positive and negative effects, and be presented with real examples of globalization. Economic globalization is the process by which the whole world becomes a single market.
Globalization or globalisation is the process of interaction and integration among people, companies, and governments worldwide. Globalization can refer to those spatialtemporal processes of change, which constitutes the fundament of the transformation of human concerns in an organization. In this lesson well discuss what it is, its impact on the global marketplace, and the effects of globalization on businesses worldwide. Chapter iii globalization, definitions and its dimensions. Globalism versus globalization what are the different spheres of globalism and how are they affected by globalization. This paper tries to provide definitions of globalization which support its historical development perspective. In its general definition, globalization can be defined as an extensive network of economic, cultural, social and political interconnections and processes which goes beyond national boundaries.
Held and his cowriters definition of globalization in that same book as transformation in the spatial organization of social relations and. Widespread unease about economy and globalization global poll pdf. But the objective of this course is not to define globalization. But recently, there are scholars who have developed some theories on globalization. The sociology of globalization globalization may appear a macro phenomenon and distant, not the same as. Some of the major themes which emerge from the definitions and meaning of globalization. My preliminary examination indicates that there are at least four potential definitions of globalization that are increasingly radical in their understanding of the change represented by globalization and thus its relational implications. Political globalization is one facet of the general trend toward globalization, which is a historical phenomenon that has seen the nations of the world become increasingly interactive in terms of not only politics but also economics and culture. Globalization meaning in the cambridge english dictionary. Second, because it is the same right that all human beings possess, it must be possessed equally by. The social impact of globalization in the developing countries. Globalization is an interconnected web of social, economic, political, cultural, and technological processes.
These aspects link local communities and foreign markets with global ones and this linking is achieved through multilingual websites, software, and information in general. With this purpose in mind, it is therefore important to clarify the limitations of the discussion put forward in the following sections. The most obvious one is the world capitalist economy. Althoug h word of globalization has been used by scholars in. What is globalization international journal of humanities and. One most common definition of globalization states that globalization is a process of integrating different world economies. Globalization may be defined and realized in many ways. Globalization definition is the act or process of globalizing. Globalization can also be thought of as a flow of people, capital, goods, and ideas. The definitions of globalization also raise certain issues.
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